Pdf simulation and implementation of fctcr researchgate. A static var compensator is a set of electrical devices for providing fastacting reactive power. Firing angle control of the thyristor switches regulates the time for which the inductance is included in the circuit. Fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reacter fctcr for reactive power compensation version 1. Characterization of a thyristor controlled reactor arizona. Svc, where it is often used in conjunction with a thyristor controlled reactor tcr. This paper characterizes the operation of a thyristor controlled reactor tcr which consists of an inductance and a bidirectional thyristor switch connected in parallel. Operaton of tcscthyristor controlled series capacitor. The tcr is controlled by a bidirectional thyristor switch connected in series. The fuzzy controller is used to control the thyristor firing angle according to the reactive power measured at the pcc to improve the power factor. In the electric power transmission system, the tcr is a resistance which is connected in series through the bidirectional thyristor valve. Power quality enhancement using thyristor controlled reactor. Thyristor controlled reactor with different topologies based.
Thyristor controlled reactor how is thyristor controlled. The thyristor controlled reactor and thyristor switched capacitor comprises usually nseries of tsc and only tcr that are attached in parallel. Here, a thyristor controlled reactor tcr is connected in parallel with a fixed. Pdf thyristor controlled reactor with different topologies based. To extend the dynamic controllable range to the leading powerfactor domain, a fixed capacitor bank is shuntconnected with the tcr. In an electric power transmission system, a thyristorcontrolled reactor tcr is a reactance connected in series with a bidirectional thyristor valve. Switching time bifurcation in a thyristor controlled reactor. The fixed capacitor group will produce reactive power while the thyristor controlled reactor will consume reactive power in compensators having fctcr. In its simple form, svc is connected as fixed capacitorthyristor controlled reactor fctcr configuration as shown in fig. Msr mechanicallyswitched reactor fc fixed capacitor. In parallel with series connected reactance and thyristor valve, there may also be a capacitor bank, which may be permanently connected or which may use mechanical or thyristor switching. An active voltage conditioner for power distribution systems using. Static var compensated facts device are the most important device and have been used for a number of years to improve voltage and power flow. Intelligent control of fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor for.
Proposed methodology and structure as seen the susceptance of the fixed capacitor type thyristor controlled reactor fctcr can be controlled by controlling the firing angle of the tcr branch. N2 this paper characterizes the operation of a thyristor controlled reactor tcr which consists of an inductance and a bidirectional thyristor switch connected in parallel. This reactor is the controlled element of the tcr, and it controls the thyristor valve. Thus the impedance of the line can be varied depending on the load conditions. Thyristor controlled reactor for power factor improvement. Principles of operation the principle of the tsc is shown in figures 6. Thyristor controlled reactor consist reactor l placed in series with the thyristor valve. Tcr, thyristor controlled series capacitor tcsc, thyristor controlled switched series reactor tssr, thyristor controlled brakening reactor tcbr, thyristor controlled. This technique has three topologies of tcr connection like star, delta, and hybrid. Fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor fctcr basically, the tcr only provides continuously controllable reactive power in the lagging powerfactor range. The current in the reactor is varied by the previously discussed method of firing delay angle control. Tutorial on static var compensators siemens energy sector. A fixed filter thyristor controlled reactor fftcr type of compensator is proposed to improve the power factor of a single phase thyristor controlled inductive load and it is shown that this. A typical tcr module a thyristor controlled reactor tcr is a reactance connected in series with a bidirectional thyristor valve.
So this can be implemented to improve the power factor of the system. Tcr thyristor controlled reactor and thyristor switched capacitor. A thyristorcontrolled reactor tcr scheme for compensating. The tcsc consists of a fixed capacitor and a parallel thyristor controlled reactor tcr in each phase. Tcpar thyristor controlled phase angle regulator tcsc thyristor controlled series capacitor tpsc thyristor protected series capacitor tcr thyristor controlled reactor trv transient recovery voltage tsc thyristor switched capacitor tssc thyristor switched series capacitor tso transmission system operator var voltampere reactive. Tutorial on static var compensators san francisco, june 12, 2005 outline module 1 reasons for reactive power compensation module 2 basic characteristics of svc module 3 svc configurations and implications module 4 main components in existing installations module 5 thyristor valves module 6 regulation, control and protection system. They can be effectively used to control current and power flow in the system and to damp oscillations of the system. The asc system consist of a thyristor flow control and short circuit current limitation have controlled reactor tcr and a capacitor connected in also been demonstrated. The thyristor controlled reactor is often combined with a fixed capacitor in parallel so that varying the thyristor conduction time varies the effective impedance of. Changing the firing angles of tcr provides the reactive power variation of the system since the reactive power production of capacitors is fixed at a determined voltage level. Study of thyristor controlled series compensator for the. Fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reacter fctcr for. A tcsc is placed on a 500kv, long transmission line, to improve power transfer. A filter network that has the necessary capacitive impedance at the fundamental frequency to generate the reactive power.
The thyristor switched capacitor is an important component of a static var compensator svc, where it is often used in conjunction with a thyristor controlled reactor tcr. Tcr thyristor controlled reactor and thyristor switched. A laboratory model of a static reactive power compensator consisting of a thyristor phase controlled inductor and a fixed capacitor was built and tested to improve the power factor of a single phase load. Tcr consists of two inverse parallel back to back thyristors and they conduct on alternate half cycles of frequency. Compensator sssc, thyristor switched series capacitor tssc, thyristor controlled series reactor tcsr, to cite a few. A fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor is nothing but a type of statcom. A fixed capacitorthyristor controlled reactor fctcr type of power factor compensator with thyristorcontrolled series rl load is analysed using an app. This thyristor switched capacitor bank 10 includes a thyristor switch 14 and a capacitor bank 16, which are electrically connected in series. T1 characterization of a thyristor controlled reactor. Analysis of power flow control in power system model using. Operation of a fixed capacitorthyristor controlled reactor fc.
A basic var generator arrangement using a fixed capacitor with a thyristor controlled reactor fctcr shown in fig. The value of inductor can be varied by varying the firing angle of thyristors. Without the tcsc the power transfer is around 110mw, as seen during the first 0. Continuously variable reactive power output is only possible where the svc contains. O based on the three modes of thyristorvalve operation, two variants of the tcsc emerge. Adaptive reactive power control using static var compensator. Thyristorcontrolled series capacitor tcsc, which offers a continuous control of capacitive or inductive reactance. Characterization of a thyristor controlled reactor. Thyristor switched capacitor pdf file electronica gambino. Tsctcrthyristorswitched capacitorsthyristor controlled reactor. The thyristor switched capacitor tsc thyristor switched capacitor is defined as a shunt connected, thyristor switched capacitor whose effective reactance is varied in a stepwise manner by full or zero conduction operation of the thyristor valve.
Static var compensators are a member of the flexible ac transmission system facts family. The tcr mva is rated larger than the fixed capacitor. The thyristor valve is phase controlled, which allows the value of delivered reactive power to be adjusted to meet varying system conditions. Modelling, simulation and comparison of various facts devices. Pdf this paper studies improving the power factor by using thyristor controlled reactor tcr shunted with a fixed capacitor to get a controlled. The thyristor valve is a phase controlled valve and it gives the delivered reactive power should be adjusted to meet the varying system condition. With different combinations of tcrtsr, tsc and fixed capacitors, meet various requirements to absorbsupply reactive power fromto the transmission line. Generally setpoints and participation factors which are kept fixed in the. A transformer 6 is connected to this line 2, and a thyristor switched capacitor bank 10 is connected to a secondary winding of the transformer 6 through the use of a mains power supply connection 12.
Tcr is a type of svc and it is more flexible and require small rating of reactor. Reactive compensation capability of fixed capacitor thyristor. Pdf this paper deals with hardware implementation of fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor fctcr system as well as simulation of fctcr in. The svc contains a fixed capacitor in parallel with the thyristor controlled reactor tcr.
Reactive power compensation capability of a fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor type static var compensator is being investigated in this paper. The control blocks represent actually the firing angle control circuit. Pdf switching time bifurcation in a thyristor controlled. The tcr continuously controls reactive power by varying the current amplitude flowing through the reactors. Switching time bifurcations in a thyristor controlled reactor. A thyristor switched capacitor tsc is a type of equipment used for compensating reactive. The svc typically consists of a tcr thyristor controlled reactor, a tsc thyristor switched capacitor and fixed capacitors fc in a harmonic filter arrangement as shown in figure 1. Operation of a fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor fctcr power factor compensator. Khan, thyristor controlled and series compensator abstract. Operation of a fixed capacitorthyristor controlled reactor fctcr power factor. The terminal voltage of the seig depends on the reactive power delivered from excitation capacitor bank which complicates the voltage and frequency regulation. Another device which used to be used for this purpose is a magnetically controlled reactor mcr, a type of magnetic amplifier otherwise known as a transductor. Mca free fulltext the resonance analysis caused by.
Pdf operation of a fixed capacitorthyristor controlled reactor. A fixed filterthyristor controlled reactor fftcr type of compensator is proposed to improve the power factor of a single phase thyristorcontrolled inductive load and it is shown that this. Pdf operation of a fixed capacitorthyristor controlled. Design and implementation of a thyristor controlled series capacitorfor research laboratory application by ronnie happyboymazibuko bsceng submitted in fulfillment ofthe academic requirements for the degree ofmaster of science in engineering, in the department ofelectrical engineering, university of natal, durban, south africa. This paper addresses improving the voltage stability limit of power flow between two different regions in an electric power system using the fixed capacitor thyristor controlled reactor fctcr or static var compensator svc. Modified thyristor controlled reactor for static var. Thyristor controlled reactor tcr, thyristor controlled switched reactor tcsr, static var compensator svc or fixed capacitor. Voltage profile enhancement in distribution power systems.